Brightening ingredients can be used to help with discolouration, pigmentation and dark spots as well as dullness in the skin. Actives such Vitamin A, Waltheria leaf and Tranexamic Acid help to inhibit pigmentation and can be used as an alternative to stronger ingredients such as arbutin and hydroquinone. Willow bark and Liquorice extracts are key skin brightening botanicals which can be used in cleansers and serums to brighten a dull complexion, while Alpha Hydroxy Acids such as Lactic and Glycolic can help with cell turnover & surface pigment. Vitamin C if in the right quality and quantity is also a key player in dealing with surface pigment and inhibiting new melanin formation as well as an important antioxidant for the skin.